a consideration that each individual key / hollow, has been designed.
so When it comes to the final tuning of these Breath Instruments, there are a few factors to consider.
TEMPERATURE HAS AN IMPORTANT INFLUENCE ON PITCH. A COLD INSTRUMENT WILL TEND TO PLAY FLAT, WHILE ONE EXPOSED TO RELATIVELY HIGH TEMPERATURES WILL TEND TO PLAY SHARP.
All my Breath Instruments are tuned at 22 degree Celsius with bottom end of instrument suspended in the air.
A player with an aggressive approach and tight cheeks and lips will tend to play slightly sharp, as where a player with a relaxed approach will tend to play slightly flat.
Then there is whether you play front on, or to the side. All instruments have been tuned playing front on style.
When tuning the instruments i have a room & bore temperature of 22 degrees Celsius.
The air temperature inside the bore, rather than the instrument itself, is the critical factor here.
Because cold air is denser than warm air, the air molecules provide greater resistance to the sound vibrations and thus lower the pitch.
The pitch deviation of larger instruments is wider than that of smaller ones. Those with large bores and longer tubing take even longer to change temperature.
We expect a pitch change of around 3 cents for each one degree Celsius change in temperature.
So for every degree minus 22 degree Celsius your instrument will be 3 cents flat, or for every degree above 22 degree Celsius your instrument will be 3 cents sharp.
